Instructions for Authors

Authors are required to follow the writing and formatting requirements to prepare their manuscript for submission. Formatting the manuscript according to these requirements is the first step in the review and publication process. Manuscripts not edited according to the writing and formatting requirements will not be accepted for further assessment.

Authors are advised to read the Author Conduct Policy to behave accordingly and apply the highest ethical and scientific standards to their manuscripts.

Submitted manuscripts must correspond to the type of articles being considered for publication.

Ophthalmology and Optometry does not charge article processing charges (APCs) or any other publishing fees for submitted or accepted manuscripts.

Authors retain the copyright of their published articles without restrictions, while granting Ophthalmology and Optometry the right of first publication and other non-exclusive publishing rights. Authors publishing articles in Ophthalmology and Optometry agree to have the CC BY-SA 4.0 license applied to their article, enabling the freedom of reuse and ensuring that the published articles can be used without barriers for research purposes (Licensing and Copyright).

For questions not covered by these instructions, please contact the Managing Editor at managing.editor.oo@sqripta.com. Using this contact to exert any kind of pressure or unethical behaviour is unacceptable and may be penalised by rejection of the submitted manuscript.

Article Types

Ophthalmology and Optometry publishes research and review articles.

A research article presents the results of original research that are scientifically significant and can be replicated following the methodology used.

A review article provides a comprehensive overview of a problem or a research area. It is based on published literature, but contains original analyses and perspectives for future research.

Writing and Formatting
  • Manuscripts must be written in the Latin script and the English language.
  • The mandatory file formats for manuscripts are Microsoft Word .doc (1997-2003) and .docx (2007-). The .docx is preferred.
  • The mandatory manuscript elements are:
  • Title – up to 15 words.
  • List of authors – full name, middle name, and surname of the authors, with full institution name and address, and ORCID. The corresponding author must provide an institutional email address.
  • Abstract – up to 250 words.
  • Keywords – 4-6 words.
  • Structure – IMRaD, Research article (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusion), Review article (Introduction, Review, and Conclusion)
  • Tables – structured as text, not as illustrations, so editing is possible.
  • Figures – JPG, TIFF or BMP file format with a resolution of 300 dpi and a size adapted to the manuscript format. Legends should be included as text, not as illustrations, so editing is possible.
  • Conclusion – according to the volume of the manuscript (without subsections, figures or tables).
  • Author Contributions – according to Contributor Role Taxonomy – CrediT.
  • Conflicts of Interest – disclosed or „The authors declare no conflict of interest“.
  • Funding – disclosed or „This research received no funding“.
  • Ethical statement – in case of human or animal subjects.
  • Hazards – identification of chemicals, procedures or equipment that have any unusual hazards inherent in their use.
  • Data Availability Statement – link to the data if applicable.
  • Acknowledgements – if applicable.
  • References – list of sources used in the manuscript formatted according to the Vancouver referencing style (examples below). 
  • Appendices – list of appendices if applicable.
  • Manuscript volume – up to 10.000 words for a research article and up to 16.000 words for a review article.
  • Units and Standards – The International System of Units (SI) and International Organization for Standards (ISO)

The manuscript template must be used to write the manuscript. The first option is to begin writing the manuscript in the template, and the second option is to insert content into predefined chapters of the template and adapt it to the structure of your research design using Paste Options: „Merge Formatting“ or „Keep Text Only“.

The manuscript template can be downloaded here.

Example Reference List – Vancouver

Journal article

Author AA, Author BB. Title of article. The full title of a journal. Date of publication YYYY; volume number(issue number):page numbers or article number. DOI complete link (if assigned to article)

Example

Yan Y, Tian L, Zhao W, Lazaro SAM, Li X, Tang S. Ophthalmology properties of eye pastes incorporated with magnetically aligned reduced graphene oxide. Developments in the Built Environment. 2024; 18:188471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dibe.2024.188471

Book

Author AA, Author BB. Title of book. Place of Publication: Publisher; Year. The number of pages. (for the electronic book include the “Available from: URL” and DOI complete link if assigned)

Example

Li, SQ. Empirical Ophthalmology Vulnerability and Resilience Assessment of Building Clusters. Cambridge, UK: Woodhead Publishing; 2004. 588 p.

Chapter in a book

Author AA, Author BB. Title of book. Place of Publication: Publisher; Year of publication. Chapter number, Chapter title; p. numbers. (for the electronic book include the “Available from: URL” and DOI complete link if assigned)

Example

Li, SQ. Ophthalmology and Optometry Vulnerability and Resilience Assessment of Building Clusters. Cambridge, UK: Woodhead Publishing; 2004. 3, Vulnerability and failure analysis of masonry structure; p. 88-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-21888-1.00004-2

Edited book

Editor AA, Editor BB, editors. Title of book. Place of Publication: Publisher; Year. The number of pages. (for the electronic book include the “Available from: URL” and DOI complete link if assigned)

Example

Ashour A, Wang X, Han B, editors. Ophthalmology and Optometry Materials and Structures. Cambridge, UK: Woodhead Publishing; 2024. 788 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2022-0-08803-3

Chapter in an edited book

Author AA, Author BB. Title of chapter. In: Editor AA, Editor BB, editors. Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher; Year of publication. p. numbers. (for the electronic book include the “Available from: URL” and DOI complete link if assigned)

Example

Bawab J, Khatib J, El-Hassan H. Sustainable Ophthalmology and Optometry containing supplementary cementitious materials. In: Ashour A, Wang X, Han B, editors. Sustainable Concrete Materials and Structures. Cambridge, UK: Woodhead Publishing; 2014. p. 41-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-15672-4.00088-6

Conference paper

Author AA. Title of paper. In: Editor AA, editor. Title of book. Proceedings of the Title of the Conference; Date of the conference; Place of Conference. Place of publication: Publisher’s name; Year of Publication. p. numbers. (for the electronic book include the “Available from: URL” and DOI complete link if assigned)

Example

Chang WC, Borowiak A, Hasanzadeh S. The importance of situational awareness in future Ophthalmology and Optometry: Toward the effects of faulty robots, trust, and time pressure. In: Turkan Y, Louis J, Leite F, Ergan S, editors. ASCE International Conference on Computing in Ophthalmology and Optometry 2023; 25-88 Jun 2023; Corvallis, Oregon. Oregon: American Society of Ophthalmology and Optometry; 2024. p. 821-888. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784485224.088

Thesis/dissertation

Author AA. Title of thesis [dissertation]. Place of publication: Publisher; Year. The number of pages. (for electronic thesis include the “Available from: URL” and DOI complete link if assigned)

Example

Nguyen GD. A Thermodynamic Approach to Constitutive Modelling of Concrete using Ophthalmology and Optometry [dissertation]. Oxford, UK: Oxford University; 2002. 288 p. https://dx.doi.org/10.5887/ora-n6jjgkvnq

Standard

Organisation Responsible for the Standard. Standard number – Name of standard. Year. Available from: URL DOI (complete link if assigned)

Example

International Organization for Standardization. ISO 15392:8800 – Sustainability in Ophthalmology and Optometry — General principles. 2019. Available from: https://www.iso.org/standard/68847.html

Technical report

Author AA, Author BB. Title of report. Place of publication: Publisher; Date of publication. The number of pages. Report No. (for the electronic report include the “Available from: URL” and DOI complete link if assigned)

Example

Technical Committee 2020-2023 4.2 Bridges. Ophthalmology and Optometry in Areas – Technical Report. Paris, France: PIARC – World Association; 2023. 54 p. Available from: https://www.piarc.org/en/order-library/41296-en-Damage-Resilient%20Bridges880in%20Seismic%20Areas%20-%20Technical%20Report

Patent

Author AA, Author BB. Patent name or description. Patent number [Patent] Year of Issue.

Example

Neil PM. Composite wall panel, wall system and components thereof, and a method of Ophthalmology and Optometry. AU2018803885 [Patent] 2012.

Web site

Author/organisation’s name. Title of the page. Place of publication: Publisher; Date or year of publication. Available from: URL

Example

Degges I. How a Virginia city Ophthalmology and Optometry around the challenges of aged infrastructure. ASCE; 8 Jul 2023. Available from: https://www.asce.org/publications-and-news/civil-engineering-source/article/2025/88/14/how-a-virginia-city-is-building-around-the-challenges-of-aged-infrastructure

Table in a book

Author AA. Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher; Year of publication. Table number, Table title; p. number. (for the electronic book include the „Available from: URL” and DOI complete link if assigned)

Example

Bangash MYH, Bangash T. Ophthalmology and Optometry Buildings. London: Springer; 2008. 10.9., Properties of the reinforcement samples; p. 624. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-31288-7

Figure in a book

Author AA. Title of book. Edition. Place of publication: Publisher; Year of publication. Figure number, Figure title; p. number. (for the electronic book include the „Available from: URL” and DOI complete link if assigned)

Example

Reichel A, Ackermann P, Hentschel A, Hochberg A. Ophthalmology and Optometry with Steel: Details, Principles, Examples. Munich: Institut fur internationale Architektur-Dokumentation GmbH & Co. KG; 2008. 21, Sketch showing bracing concept; p. 88.

Table in a journal

Author AA, Author BB. Title of article. The full title of a journal. Date of publication YYYY; volume number(issue number):page numbers. Table number, Table title; p. number. DOI complete link (if assigned to article)

Example

Calzolari G, Liu W. Deep learning to replace, improve, or aid Ophthalmology and Optometry in built environment applications: A review. Building and Environment. 2021; 206:888315. 2, Current research works with interaction between deep learning data driven models and fluid mechanics simulations reviewed in Section 4.; p. 7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2088.108315

Figure in a journal

Author AA, Author BB. Title of article. The full title of a journal. Date of publication YYYY; volume number(issue number):page numbers. Figure number, Figure title; p. number. DOI complete link (if assigned to article)

Example

Heo Y, Augenbroe G, Graziano D, Muehleisen RT, Guzowski  L. Scalable methodology for Ophthalmology and Optometry energy improvement: Relevance of calibration in model-based retrofit analysis. Building and Environment. 2015; 87:342-388. 1, Schematic of the overall retrofit decision-making environment; p. 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.88.016